[34], At the suggestion of a correspondent, Representative Louis C. Rabaut (D-Mich.), of Michigan sponsored a resolution to add the words "under God" to the Pledge in 1953. Louis Albert Bowman, an attorney from Illinois, was the first to suggest the addition of "under God" to the pledge. [41], The composer, Irving Caesar, wrote and published over 700 songs in his lifetime. [55] They said requiring the pledge violated their freedom of religion guaranteed by the Free Exercise Clause of the First Amendment. [34], Even though the movement behind inserting "under God" into the pledge might have been initiated by a private religious fraternity and even though references to God appear in previous versions of the pledge, historian Kevin M. Kruse asserts that this movement was an effort by corporate America to instill in the minds of the people that capitalism and free enterprise were heavenly blessed. "[25][26] However, the "Old Pledge" continued to be used by other organizations until the National Flag Conference established uniform flag procedures in 1923. In 1943, in West Virginia State Board of Education v. Barnette, the Supreme Court reversed its decision. A controversy arose concerning the authorship of the pledge of 1892. This cut has the most meaning, and likely the most staying power, of … While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Some American presidents honored Lincoln's birthday by attending services at the church Lincoln attended, New York Avenue Presbyterian Church by sitting in Lincoln's pew on the Sunday nearest February 12. 1 decade ago. [16], The pledge that later evolved into the form used today was composed in August 1892 by Francis Bellamy (1855–1931), who was a Baptist minister, a Christian socialist,[17][18] and the cousin of Edward Bellamy (1850–1898). If they were exercised for all. [5][6] The form of the pledge used today was largely devised by Francis Bellamy in 1892, and formally adopted by Congress as the pledge in 1942. He responded enthusiastically to Docherty in a conversation following the service. Give me all the gold you are currently carrying (Hag then uses some bizarre ritual to run it all into a single gold-colored candle. The Pledge of Allegiance to the flag is a promise or oath of loyalty to the Republic of United States of America. In a twenty-one page decision, Bauman wrote, "Under [the association members'] reasoning, the very constitution under which [the members] seek redress for perceived atheistic marginalization could itself be deemed unconstitutional, an absurd proposition which [association members] do not and cannot advance here. ‘A group of Bradford immigrants will take an oath of allegiance to the Queen and make a pledge to uphold British democratic values in a history-making ceremony at City Hall on Monday.’ ‘Participants will deliver an oath of allegiance to the Queen and a pledge of commitment to the United Kingdom, in what is now a compulsory part of the naturalisation process.’ Subsequently, the Pledge was first used in public schools on October 12, 1892, during Columbus Day observances organized to coincide with the opening of the World's Columbian Exposition (the Chicago World's Fair), Illinois. Source(s): figured song means: https://shortly.im/VnMvJ. "[19] The publication's efforts paid off when Benjamin Harrison declared Wednesday October 12, 1892, to be Columbus Day for which The Youth's Companion made "an official program for universal use in all the schools. Those two words were added to the Pledge in 1954, when the United States was in the grip of McCarthyism and communist witch-hunt hysteria. The first case was in 1935, when two children, Lillian and William Gobitas, ages ten and twelve, were expelled from the Minersville, Pennsylvania, public schools that year for failing to salute the flag and recite the Pledge of Allegiance. In modern usage, the Gettysburg address might read "that the nation shall, God willing, have a new birth of freedom." This arrangement was formalized when Harrison issued Presidential Proclamation 335. He’s the most badass talented man ever.. Church’s “Pledge Allegiance To The Hag” has definitely received well-deserved attention but not quite as much as I think it should’ve. 1 decade ago. I pledge allegiance to the flag of the United States of America, and to the Republic for which it stands, one Nation indivisible, with liberty and justice for all. Eric Church Pledge Allegiance To The Hag lyrics & video : (feat. With his sneering attitude and fat, '80s guitar riffs, he incorporates Merle Haggard's "Mama Tried" in "Pledge Allegiance to the Hag," nods to Black Sabbath in "Smoke A Little Smoke," and invokes the Boss in "Springsteen." 3. Fla. May 31, 2006)", "Pledge of Allegiance dispute results in Md. [49][50] Another criticism is the belief that a government requiring or promoting the phrase "under God" violates protections against the establishment of religion guaranteed in the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment. "[71] Bauman said the student could skip the pledge, but upheld a New Jersey law that says pupils must recite the pledge unless they have "conscientious scruples" that do not allow it. [citation needed] California requires a "patriotic exercise" every day, which would be satisfied by the Pledge, but it is not universally enforced. The Pledge of Allegiance I Pledge Allegiance to the flag of the United States of America and to the Republic for which it stands, one Nation under God, … By June 29, 1892, Bellamy and Upham had arranged for Congress and President Benjamin Harrison to announce a proclamation making the public school flag ceremony the center of the Columbus Day celebrations. In 2004, the Supreme Court heard Elk Grove Unified School District v. Newdow, an appeal of the ruling, and rejected Newdow's claim on the grounds that he was not the custodial parent, and therefore lacked standing, thus avoiding ruling on the merits of whether the phrase was constitutional in a school-sponsored recitation. [62] Judge Stephen Reinhardt dissented, writing that "the state-directed, teacher-led daily recitation in public schools of the amended 'under God' version of the Pledge of Allegiance... violates the Establishment Clause of the Constitution. The final successful push came from George MacPherson Docherty. On July 30, 1956, two years after pushing to have the phrase “under God” inserted into the pledge of allegiance, President Dwight D. Eisenhower signs a law Eric Church’s “Pledge Allegiance To The Hag” Is A Reminder That Small Towns Are Alive & Well. Faith in America: The Legal Dilemma", "The Pledge of Allegiance and Our Flag of the United States", "PR Gimmick to Patriotic Vow; Francis Bellamy had no idea how famous, and controversial, his quick ditty would become", "George T. Balch • Cullum's Register • 1496", "Grand Lodge of BC and Yukon profile of Bellamy", The Story of the Pledge of Allegiance to the Flag, "The Pledge of Allegiance A Short History", "Under God: Understanding its Revolutionary Usage", "How 'One Nation' Didn't Become 'Under God' Until The '50s Religious Revival", "How the words "Under God" came to be added to the Pledge of Allegiance to the Flag", "Rules for Rendering Hand Salute of U.S. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. 4. ", "I pledge allegiance to the Flag of the United States, "I pledge allegiance to the Flag of the United States of America, This page was last edited on 3 February 2021, at 18:01. [60], In 2009, a Montgomery County, Maryland, teacher berated and had school police remove a 13-year-old girl who refused to say the Pledge of Allegiance in the classroom. I got this album after hearing the song, Guys Like Me, and was hooked instantly on this singer. Requiring or promoting of the Pledge on the part of the government has continued to draw criticism and legal challenges on several grounds. Register. One country, one language and one flag.[16]. [40], A musical setting for "The Pledge of Allegiance to the Flag" was created by Irving Caesar, at the suggestion of Congressman Louis C. Rabaut whose House Resolution 243 to add the phrase "under God" was signed into law on Flag Day, June 14, 1954. "[19] Bellamy disliked the change, as "it did injure the rhythmic balance of the original composition."[19]. I’ve never heard a bad Eric Church song in my life and I can say with 100% confidence I never will. 2 pink lines 12. livin part of life If there were ever a perfect country album that came out of 2006, then this would have to be it. [46], In 2004, the 11th Circuit Court of Appeals held that students are also not required to stand for the Pledge.[47]. Kruse acknowledges the insertion of the phrase was influenced by the push-back against Russian and Chinese atheistic communism during the Cold War, but argues the longer arc of history shows the conflation of Christianity and capitalism as a challenge to the New Deal played the larger role.[31]. Hereof, what is the meaning of the Pathfinder emblem? The Pledge of Allegiance of the United States is an expression of allegiance to the flag of the United States and the republic of the United States of America. [33] In New York City, on April 30, 1951, the board of directors of the Knights of Columbus adopted a resolution to amend the text of their Pledge of Allegiance at the opening of each of the meetings of the 800 Fourth Degree Assemblies of the Knights of Columbus by addition of the words "under God" after the words "one nation." [38] Attached to bills passed in Congress in 2008 and then in 2009 (Section 301(b)(1) of title 36, United States Code), language was included which authorized all active duty military personnel and all veterans in civilian clothes to render a proper hand salute during the raising and lowering of the flag, when the colors are presented, and during the National Anthem. In 1923, the National Flag Conference called for the words "my Flag" to be changed to "the Flag of the United States," so that new immigrants would not confuse loyalties between their birth countries and the US. Over the next two years, the idea spread throughout Knights of Columbus organizations nationwide. On August 21, 1952, the Supreme Council of the Knights of Columbus at its annual meeting adopted a resolution urging that the change be made universal, and copies of this resolution were sent to the President, the Vice President (as Presiding Officer of the Senate), and the Speaker of the House of Representatives. "[19] After working on the idea with Upham, Bellamy concluded, "It was my thought that a vow of loyalty or allegiance to the flag should be the dominant idea. As a socialist, he had initially also considered using the words equality and fraternity[20] but decided against it, knowing that the state superintendents of education on his committee were against equality for women and African Americans. [1][22], The Pledge was supposed to be quick and to the point. [62][63] In a 2–1 decision, the appellate court ruled that the words were of a "ceremonial and patriotic nature" and did not constitute an establishment of religion. How do you think about the answers? [59] As a result of that decision, a Florida school district was ordered to pay $32,500 to a student who chose not to say the pledge and was ridiculed and called "unpatriotic" by a teacher. what does pledge allegiance to the Hag mean ? If you are an active military personal in or out of uniform, or if you are a veteran, you are allowed to salute during the pledge of allegiance. Omissions? [28][29] He spent his adult life in the Chicago area and was chaplain of the Illinois Society of the Sons of the American Revolution. According to Miller, Upham "would often say to his wife: 'Mary, if I can instill into the minds of our American youth a love for their country and the principles on which it was founded, and create in them an ambition to carry on with the ideals which the early founders wrote into The Constitution, I shall not have lived in vain. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. Copyright Office, Copyright search for "The Pledge of Allegiance to the Flag, "I can't believe they still make students recite the Pledge of Allegiance", "Court upholds 'under God' in Pledge of Allegiance", "The Dangerous Fallacy of Ceremonial Deism: Governmental religious expressions are not harmless", "I Might Have Guessed Parson Weems Would Figure In There Somewhere", "Federal judge rules Pledge of Allegiance is unconstitutional", "Frazier v. Alexandre, No. “Pledge”- “A solemn promise or agreement to do or refrain from doing something.”The person speaking is promising or agreeing to what they are saying. Bellamy designed it to be recited in 15 seconds. ... Beginning with the new word allegiance, I first decided that 'pledge' was a better school word than 'vow' or 'swear'; and that the first person singular should be used, and that 'my' flag was preferable to 'the. Lv 5. For the book, see, In the 18th and 19th centuries, the phrase "under God" indicated secondary thanks or permission. [15] Balch's pledge, which predates Francis Bellamy's by 5 years and was embraced by many schools, by the Daughters of the American Revolution until the 1910s, and by the Grand Army of the Republic until the 1923 National Flag Conference, is often overlooked when discussing the history of the Pledge. On September 14, 2005, District Court Judge Lawrence Karlton ruled in their favor. The student's mother, assisted by the American Civil Liberties Union of Maryland, sought and received an apology from the teacher, as state law and the school's student handbook both prohibit students from being forced to recite the Pledge. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). I especially stressed the word 'allegiance'. Today, the words read: “I pledge allegiance to the Flag of the United States of America, and to the Republic for which it stands, one Nation under God, indivisible, with liberty and … This salute accompanied the Balch pledge and instructed students to stand with their right hand outstretched toward the flag, the fingers of which are then brought to the forehead, followed by being placed flat over the heart, and finally falling to the side. Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership, This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/event/Pledge-of-Allegiance-to-the-Flag-of-the-United-States-of-America, The American Legion - The Pledge of Allegiance, UShistory.org - Historic Documents - The Pledge of Allegiance, Pledge of Allegiance - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), Pledge of Allegiance - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). Because of the similarity between the Bellamy salute and the Nazi salute, which was adopted in Germany later, the US Congress stipulated that the hand-over-the-heart gesture as the salute to be rendered by civilians during the Pledge of Allegiance and the national anthem in the US would be the salute to replace the Bellamy salute. They involved the spirit of equality and fraternity. Merle greatly affected country music. The Balch salute, which ran, "I give my heart and my hand to my country, one country, one language, one flag," seemed to him too juvenile and lacking in dignity. About the Pledge of Allegiance “Under God” was not part of the original Pledge of Allegiance. [69] In May 2014, Massachusetts' highest court ruled that the pledge does not discriminate against atheists, saying that the words "under God" represent a patriotic, not a religious, exercise. "[19] James Upham "felt that a flag should be on every schoolhouse,"[19] so his publication "fostered a plan of selling flags to schools through the children themselves at cost, which was so successful that 25,000 schools acquired flags in the first year (1892–93). [65][66] A United States Supreme Court appeal of this decision was denied on June 13, 2011. Persons in uniform should remain silent, face the flag, and render the military salute. The most recent alteration of its wording came on Flag Day(June 14) in 1954, when the words "under God" were added. [56][57], In a 2002 case brought by atheist Michael Newdow, whose daughter was being taught the Pledge in school, the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals ruled the phrase "under God" an unconstitutional endorsement of monotheism when the Pledge was promoted in public school. Swearing of the Pledge is accompanied by a salute. You can sign in to vote the answer. Balch was a proponent of teaching children, especially those of immigrants, loyalty to the United States, even going so far as to write a book on the subject and work with both the government and private organizations to distribute flags to every classroom and school. appeals court upholds 'under God' in pledge", "Pledge of Allegiance's God reference now upheld by court", "Court OKs NH law allowing 'God' pledge in schools", "High court spurns atheist's 'under God' challenge", "Freedom From Religion Foundation, Petitioner v. United States, et al", "Massachusetts court rules 'under God' in pledge does not discriminate against atheists", "Hearing 'Under God' in Pledge of Allegiance does not violate rights of atheist students, NJ judge rules", "Judge Refuses To Kick God Out Of Public Schools". Search the world's information, including webpages, images, videos and more. 0 0. Dedicated to social issues, he donated all rights of the musical setting to the U.S. government, so that anyone can perform the piece without owing royalties. In 1906, The Daughters of the American Revolution's magazine, The American Monthly, used the following wording for the pledge of allegiance, based on Balch's Pledge: I pledge allegiance to my flag, and the republic for which it stands. We give our heads and hearts to God and our country; one country, one language, one flag! Remember if you don't want to give us your details directly we offer single sign-on's with Facebook, Twitter, Google, Windows Live, Blogger and Yahoo! On January 3, 2005, a new suit was filed in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of California on behalf of three unnamed families. Such a pledge was first composed, with a text different from the one used at present, by Captain George Thatcher Balch, a Union Army Officer during the Civil War and later a teacher of patriotism in New York City … "[19] Bellamy recalled that the event "had to be more than a list of exercises. ", This article is about the U.S. 10. pledge allegiance to the Hag (featuring Merle Haggard) 11. Although not all manuscript versions of the Gettysburg Address contain the words "under God", all the reporters' transcripts of the speech as delivered do, as perhaps Lincoln may have deviated from his prepared text and inserted the phrase when he said "that the nation shall, under God, have a new birth of freedom. Several State Fraternal Congresses acted likewise almost immediately thereafter. The Pathfinder emblem is centered in the heart of the background. [53][54], Prominent legal challenges were brought in the 1930s and 1940s by Jehovah's Witnesses, a denomination whose beliefs preclude swearing loyalty to any power other than God, and who objected to policies in public schools requiring students to swear an oath to the flag. The National Fraternal Congress meeting in Boston on September 24, 1952, adopted a similar resolution upon the recommendation of its president, Supreme Knight Luke E. Hart. I pledge allegiance to the Hammer and Sickle Banner, and to the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals for which it stands, forcing us to be one Nation under government, divided by gender, race, class, poiltics, sexual orientation, smoking preference, weight, wastewater usage, and income, with taxation and wacky court decisions for all. Congress officially recognized the Pledge for the first time, in the following form, on June 22, 1942:[27]. [4], An early pledge was created in 1887 by Captain George T. Balch,[13] a veteran of the Civil War, who later became auditor of the New York Board of Education. That life is a war and the time of peace (when you die) is the only time you get to go home (to heaven). Updates? Share Tweet. [citation needed]. Citing the precedent of the 2002 ruling by the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals, Judge Karlton issued an order stating that, upon proper motion, he would enjoin the school district defendants from continuing their practices of leading children in pledging allegiance to "one Nation under God. "[19] Bellamy then reflected on the sayings of Revolutionary and Civil War figures, and concluded "all that pictured struggle reduced itself to three words, one Nation indivisible. 05-81142 (S.D. narrated by Don LaFontaineMusic by The US Army BandProduced byRichard C. Streeter III Explain your version of song meaning, find more of Eric Church lyrics. [70], In February 2015 New Jersey Superior Court Judge David F. Bauman dismissed a lawsuit, ruling that "… the Pledge of Allegiance does not violate the rights of those who don't believe in God and does not have to be removed from the patriotic message. The original Pledge of Allegiance salute was eerily similar to the Nazi salute, so it was changed during World War II to the current hand-over-heart. [10] In several states, state flag pledges of allegiance are required to be recited after the pledge to the American flag. He noted that the Pledge's sentiments could be those of any nation: "There was something missing in the pledge, and that which was missing was the characteristic and definitive factor in the American way of life." Justice Robert H. Jackson, writing for the 6 to 3 majority, went beyond simply ruling in the precise matter presented by the case to say that public school students are not required to say the Pledge on narrow grounds, and asserted that such ideological dogmata are antithetical to the principles of the country, concluding with: If there is any fixed star in our constitutional constellation, it is that no official, high or petty, can prescribe what shall be orthodox in politics, nationalism, religion, or other matters of opinion or force citizens to confess by word or act their faith therein. 1 4. [19], As the World's Columbian Exposition was set to celebrate the 400th anniversary of the arrival of Christopher Columbus in the Americas, Upham sought to link the publication's flag drive to the event, "so that every school in the land ... would have a flag raising, under the most impressive conditions. Genesis 49:10 - The scepter will not depart from Judah, nor a ruler's staff from between his feet, until the one comes, who owns them both, and to him will belong the allegiance of nations. In 1892, Francis Bellamy created what was known as the Bellamy salute. If there are any circumstances which permit an exception, they do not now occur to us. [9] The Supreme Court has ruled in West Virginia State Board of Education v. Barnette that students cannot be compelled to recite the Pledge, nor can they be punished for not doing so. [67][68], In September 2013, a case was brought before the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court, arguing that the pledge violates the Equal Rights Amendment of the Constitution of Massachusetts. The event was conceived and promoted by James B. Upham, a marketer for the magazine, as a campaign to instill the idea of American nationalism in students and to encourage children to raise flags above their schools. "[19], Edna Dean Proctor wrote an ode for the event, and "There was also an oration suitable for declamation. In subsequent publications of the Daughters of the American Revolution, such as in 1915's "Proceedings of the Twenty-Fourth Continental Congress of the Daughters of the American Revolution" and 1916's annual "National Report," the previous pledge (adjusted to read "I pledge my head, my hand, my heart..."), listed as official in 1906, is now categorized as "Old Pledge" with Bellamy's version under the heading "New Pledge. [20] According to author Margarette S. Miller, this campaign was in line both with Upham's patriotic vision as well as with his commercial interest. Corrections? In 1940, the Supreme Court, in Minersville School District v. Gobitis, ruled that students in public schools, including the respondents in that case—Jehovah's Witnesses who considered the flag salute to be idolatry—could be compelled to swear the Pledge. I pledge allegiance to the hag of the united states of fart. [24], In his recollection of the creation of the Pledge, Francis Bellamy said, "At the beginning of the nineties patriotism and national feeling was (sic) at a low ebb. [35], Before February 1954, no endeavor to get the pledge officially amended had succeeded. Give me your voice. "[19] Concluding "Liberty and justice were surely basic, were undebatable, and were all that any one Nation could handle. This is repeated again in “Guys Like Me”, “Sinners Like Me”, and most blatantly “Pledge Allegiance To The Hag”, which takes it a step farther and does the clichéd “bring out the dinosaur for a few notes to make me legit”, this time with “patriotic rebel” Merle Haggard. Pledge allegiance to the King's third-born child. [36], On October 6, 1954, the National Executive Committee of the American Legion adopted a resolution, first approved by the Illinois American Legion Convention in August 1954, which formally recognized the Knights of Columbus for having initiated and brought forward the amendment to the Pledge of Allegiance. An early version of the salute, adopted in 1887, was known as the Balch Salute. The Pledge of Allegiance was written by Francis Bellamy, a Baptist minister and magazine writer for The Youth's Companion.The Pledge was first published in 1892 in The Youth's Companion.It was included in an ad for the "Official Programme for the National Columbia Public School Celebration of October 12, 1892," a celebration of the 400 year anniversary of Columbus' … The Pledge of Allegiance of the United States is an expression of allegiance to the flag of the United States and the republic of the United States of America. Excerpt, Chapter Eight: "Under God" and Other Questions About the Pledge. The words "of America" were added a year later. Lv 4. Natalie. Men not in uniform should remove any nonreligious head covering. '"[19] Bellamy considered the words "country, nation, or Republic," choosing the last as "it distinguished the form of government chosen by the founding fathers and established by the Revolution. Pledge of Allegiance to the Flag of the United States of America, pledge to the flag of the United States. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. The National Society of the Daughters of the American Revolution gave him an Award of Merit as the originator of this idea. According to the legislation of 1954, citizens should stand upright and place the right hand over the heart while reciting the pledge. It started with the hand outstretched toward the flag, palm down, and ended with the palm up. Eisenhower acted on his suggestion the next day and on February 8, 1954, Rep. Charles Oakman (R-Mich.), introduced a bill to that effect. Give me your name. In 1943 the United States Supreme Court ruled that no person can be required to recite the pledge. "[30] Bowman repeated his revised version of the Pledge at other meetings. Sign in. At a meeting on February 12, 1948,[28] he led the society in reciting the pledge with the two words "under God" added. No magic may revert it back while the Hag lives). "[19] He found "There was not a satisfactory enough form for this salute. Bellamy, however, did not approve of the pledge as Balch had written it, referring to the text as "too juvenile and lacking in dignity. Constitution. Bellamy noted that "in later years the words 'to my flag' were changed to 'to the flag of the United States of America' because of the large number of foreign children in the schools. This isn’t a huge problem, but you might find your clothes come out a bit wet which means they’ll have to spend a little longer in the dryer. The time was ripe for a reawakening of simple Americanism and the leaders in the new movement rightly felt that patriotic education should begin in the public schools. [31][32], In 1951, the Knights of Columbus, the world's largest Catholic fraternal service organization, also began including the words "under God" in the Pledge of Allegiance. Pledge of Allegiance to the Flag of the United States of America. Firstly, it only has a 700 RPM spin speed. Give me your 'I' (character can now only talk in third person). "[19], Bellamy considered the slogan of the French Revolution, Liberté, égalité, fraternité ("liberty, equality, fraternity"), but held that "fraternity was too remote of realization, and … [that] equality was a dubious word. "[71] The case against the Matawan-Aberdeen Regional School District had been brought by a student of the district and the American Humanist Association that argued that the phrase "under God" in the pledge created a climate of discrimination because it promoted religion, making non-believers "second-class citizens." [12] Members of the Armed Forces not in uniform and veterans may render the military salute in the manner provided for persons in uniform. It was put together on lark by a barbershop quartet while on a break. [51][52], In 2004, linguist Geoffrey Nunberg said the original supporters of the addition thought that they were simply quoting Lincoln's Gettysburg Address, but to Lincoln and his contemporaries, "under God" meant "God willing", so they would have found its use in the Pledge of Allegiance grammatically incorrect and semantically odd. "[19] Bellamy held that "Of course, the nub of the program was to be the raising of the flag, with a salute to the flag recited by the pupils in unison. He argued that the nation's might lay not in arms but rather in its spirit and higher purpose. 5 years ago. Learn the full song lyrics at MetroLyrics. You can sign in to vote the answer. Came from George MacPherson Docherty the National Society of the United States of fart quick and to the of! Of fart and render the military salute criticism and legal challenges on grounds. Officially recognized the Pledge of Allegiance to the flag of the United States Court... The military salute 16 ] see, Minersville School District v. Gobitis, U.S.. After hearing the song, Eric Church ’ s “ Pledge Allegiance to the legislation of 1954, citizens stand. V. 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