Antimony is a chemical element with atomic number 51 which means there are 51 protons and 51 electrons in the atomic structure. Radon occurs naturally as an intermediate step in the normal radioactive decay chains through which thorium and uranium slowly decay into lead. The metal is found in the Earth’s crust in the pure, free elemental form (“native silver”), as an alloy with gold and other metals, and in minerals such as argentite and chlorargyrite. At 5 °C the solubility increases to 9.0 mL (50 percent more than at 25 °C) per liter for water and 7.2 mL (45 percent more) per liter for sea water. A major development was the discovery that steel could be made highly resistant to corrosion and discoloration by adding metallic chromium to form stainless steel. The el­e­ment is also present in min­er­als in the form of salts and ox­ides. 1) You may use almost everything for non-commercial and educational use. The chemical symbol for Helium is He. Tungsten is a chemical element with atomic number 74 which means there are 74 protons and 74 electrons in the atomic structure. The chemical symbol for Caesium is Cs. Iridium is a very hard, brittle, silvery-white transition metal of the platinum group, iridium is generally credited with being the second densest element (after osmium). Thallium is a chemical element with atomic number 81 which means there are 81 protons and 81 electrons in the atomic structure. Like the other metals of the platinum group, ruthenium is inert to most other chemicals. The melting point also defines a condition in which the solid and liquid can exist in equilibrium. The chemical symbol for Mendelevium is Md. Lead has the highest atomic number of any stable element and concludes three major decay chains of heavier elements. The chemical symbol for Plutonium is Pu. The chemical symbol for Silicon is Si. Copper is a soft, malleable, and ductile metal with very high thermal and electrical conductivity. Electron affinity can be either positive or negative value. Promethium is one of only two such elements that are followed in the periodic table by elements with stable forms. Oxygen exhibits many unique physical and chemical properties. Platinum is a dense, malleable, ductile, highly unreactive, precious, silverish-white transition metal. Tungsten is an intrinsically brittle and hard material, making it difficult to work. To use electron affinities properly, it is essential to keep track of sign. Cerium is a soft, ductile and silvery-white metal that tarnishes when exposed to air, and it is soft enough to be cut with a knife. Oxygen is obviously pretty useful for keeping us going, but is also widely used in industry as an oxidant, where it can give up some of that solar energy captured by plant and those cyanobacteria. Oxygen group element, any of the six chemical elements making up Group 16 (VIa) of the periodic classification—namely, oxygen (O), sulfur (S), selenium (Se), tellurium (Te), polonium (Po), and livermorium (Lv). High-purity liquid O2 is usually obtained by the fractional distillation of liquefied air. Nickel is a silvery-white lustrous metal with a slight golden tinge. Praseodymium is a soft, silvery, malleable and ductile metal, valued for its magnetic, electrical, chemical, and optical properties. Both the boiling points of rhenium and tungsten exceed 5000 K at standard pressure. Sodium is an alkali metal, being in group 1 of the periodic table, because it has a single electron in its outer shell that it readily donates, creating a positively charged atom—the Na+ cation. In general, an atom’s electronegativity is affected by both its atomic number and the distance at which its valence electrons reside from the charged nucleus. It is the fifth most abundant element in Earth’s crust and the third most abundant metal, after iron and aluminium. Holmium is a part of the lanthanide series, holmium is a rare-earth element. Since it is difficult to measure extreme temperatures precisely without bias, both have been cited in the literature as having the higher boiling point. Elemental sulfur is a bright yellow crystalline solid at room temperature. Some materials that will not burn in … The chemical symbol for Lanthanum is La. The chemical symbol for Boron is B. The chemical symbol for Iridium is Ir. Nitrogen is a chemical element with atomic number 7 which means there are 7 protons and 7 electrons in the atomic structure. Actinium is a chemical element with atomic number 89 which means there are 89 protons and 89 electrons in the atomic structure. E. Discoverer: De Marignac, Charles Galissard, Discoverer: De Marignac, Jean Charles Galissard, Discoverer: Göhring, Otto and Fajans, Kasimir. The chemical symbol for Xenon is Xe. Promethium is a chemical element with atomic number 61 which means there are 61 protons and 61 electrons in the atomic structure. Gold is a bright, slightly reddish yellow, dense, soft, malleable, and ductile metal. It is a member of the chalcogen group on the periodic table, a highly reactive nonmetal, and an oxidizing agent that readily forms oxides with most elements as well as with other compounds. Mercury is commonly known as quicksilver and was formerly named hydrargyrum. The two oxygen atoms in diatomic oxygen are chemically bonded to each other with a spin triplet electron configuration. The chemical symbol for Mercury is Hg. In the periodic table, the elements are listed in order of increasing atomic number Z. Terbium is a chemical element with atomic number 65 which means there are 65 protons and 65 electrons in the atomic structure. CC BY-SA 3.0. http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/oxygen If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. It is reactive and forms oxides with every element except helium, neon, krypton, and argon. Completion of the Chemical Classification Packet: G-06 January 1, 2020 5 suggests four different methods, with the fifth method being a combination of the first two. Zirconium is mainly used as a refractory and opacifier, although small amounts are used as an alloying agent for its strong resistance to corrosion. Uranium is a silvery-white metal in the actinide series of the periodic table. Arsenic occurs in many minerals, usually in combination with sulfur and metals, but also as a pure elemental crystal. It is an intensive property, which is mathematically defined as mass divided by volume: In words, the density (ρ) of a substance is the total mass (m) of that substance divided by the total volume (V) occupied by that substance. Gallium is a chemical element with atomic number 31 which means there are 31 protons and 31 electrons in the atomic structure. Mercury is a chemical element with atomic number 80 which means there are 80 protons and 80 electrons in the atomic structure. Barium is a chemical element with atomic number 56 which means there are 56 protons and 56 electrons in the atomic structure. Oxygen is also present in the form of carbon dioxide in trace amount in the atmosphere. What is Oxygen. It's a very reactive chemical element and can combine with almost anything to make various compounds. Francium is a chemical element with atomic number 87 which means there are 87 protons and 87 electrons in the atomic structure. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); Oxygen is an important part of the atmosphere and is necessary to sustain terrestrial life. Mendelevium is a metallic radioactive transuranic element in the actinide series, it is the first element that currently cannot be produced in macroscopic quantities. The chemical symbol for Californium is Cf. Oxygen is one of the atoms that makes up water (H 2 O). Wikipedia In chemistry and atomic physics, the electron affinity of an atom or molecule is defined as: the change in energy (in kJ/mole) of a neutral atom or molecule (in the gaseous phase) when an electron is added to the atom to form a negative ion. Copper is a chemical element with atomic number 29 which means there are 29 protons and 29 electrons in the atomic structure. Liquid oxygen may also be produced by condensation out of air, using liquid nitrogen as a coolant. The chemical symbol for Americium is Am. and the term oxidation number is nearly synonymous. As such, it readily forms compounds (notably, oxides) with almost all other elements. Manganese is a chemical element with atomic number 25 which means there are 25 protons and 25 electrons in the atomic structure. As with boiling points, the melting point of a solid is dependent on the strength of those attractive forces. After hydrogen and helium, It is the third-most abundant element in the universe by mass. All major classes of structural molecules in living organisms, such as proteins, carbohydrates, and fats, contain oxygen, as do the major inorganic compounds that comprise animal shells, teeth, and bone. Our Website follows all legal requirements to protect your privacy. Neptunium metal is silvery and tarnishes when exposed to air. Discoverer: Scientists at Dubna, Russia (1964)/Albert Ghiorso et. Discoverer: Coster, Dirk and De Hevesy, George Charles, Discoverer: Elhuyar, Juan José and Elhuyar, Fausto, Discoverer: Noddack, Walter and Berg, Otto Carl and Tacke, Ida. Ruthenium is a chemical element with atomic number 44 which means there are 44 protons and 44 electrons in the atomic structure. ), and shape. Francium is the second-least electronegative element, behind only caesium, and is the second rarest naturally occurring element (after astatine). Because it comprises most of the mass in water, it also comprises most of the mass of living organisms. Chemically, indium is similar to gallium and thallium. Electron affinity of Oxygen is 141 kJ/mol. Most materials expand when their temperatures increase. Lawrencium is a chemical element with atomic number 103 which means there are 103 protons and 103 electrons in the atomic structure. Cadmium is a chemical element with atomic number 48 which means there are 48 protons and 48 electrons in the atomic structure. In nuclear industry cadmium is commonly used as a thermal neutron absorber due to very high neutron absorption cross-section of 113Cd. Osmium is a hard, brittle, bluish-white transition metal in the platinum group that is found as a trace element in alloys, mostly in platinum ores. The electronegativity of Oxygen is: χ = 3.44. Electronegativity, symbol χ, is a chemical property that describes the tendency of an atom to attract electrons towards this atom. See also: Atomic Number – Does it conserve in a nuclear reaction? Oxygen is part of a small group of gasses literally paramagnetic, and it’s the most paramagnetic of all. Gold is a transition metal and a group 11 element. Oxygen is among the most abundant and most important elements on the Earth. Placard for the highest single hazard chemical 2. Thorium is a naturally-occurring element and it is estimated to be about three times more abundant than uranium. Iron is a chemical element with atomic number 26 which means there are 26 protons and 26 electrons in the atomic structure. The chemical symbol for Titanium is Ti. Gallium does not occur as a free element in nature, but as gallium(III) compounds in trace amounts in zinc ores and in bauxite. The chemical symbol for Neon is Ne. It has an estimated density of 40.7 x 103 kg/m3. Very soft and malleable, indium has a melting point higher than sodium and gallium, but lower than lithium and tin. It is moderately soluble in water (30 cm3per 1 liter of water dissolve) at 20 Celsius. This affinity is known as the second electron affinity and these energies are positive. Our Privacy Policy is a legal statement that explains what kind of information about you we collect, when you visit our Website. The chemical symbol for Copper is Cu. Calcium is a chemical element with atomic number 20 which means there are 20 protons and 20 electrons in the atomic structure. The density of Hassium results from its high atomic weight and from the significant decrease in ionic radii of the elements in the lanthanide series, known as lanthanide and actinide contraction. Zirconium is a chemical element with atomic number 40 which means there are 40 protons and 40 electrons in the atomic structure. The chemical symbol for Potassium is K. Potassium was first isolated from potash, the ashes of plants, from which its name derives. Polonium is a chemical element with atomic number 84 which means there are 84 protons and 84 electrons in the atomic structure. Total number of protons in the nucleus is called the atomic number of the atom and is given the symbol Z. Typical densities of various substances are at atmospheric pressure. Plutonium is an actinide metal of silvery-gray appearance that tarnishes when exposed to air, and forms a dull coating when oxidized. It is noncombustible, but will actively support the burning of combustible materials. Scandium is a silvery-white metallic d-block element, it has historically been sometimes classified as a rare-earth element, together with yttrium and the lanthanides. The chemical symbol for Radon is Rn. Berkelium is a chemical element with atomic number 97 which means there are 97 protons and 97 electrons in the atomic structure. Americium is a chemical element with atomic number 95 which means there are 95 protons and 95 electrons in the atomic structure. Oxygen is a strong oxidizing agent and has the second-highest electronegativity of all reactive elements, second only to fluorine. The chemical symbol for Selenium is Se. At the boiling point the two phases of a substance, liquid and vapor, have identical free energies and therefore are equally likely to exist. The chemical symbol for Lawrencium is Lr. Oxygen is a very reactive element. The chemical symbol for Radium is Ra. Beryllium is a hard, grayish metal naturally found in mineral rocks, coal, soil, and volcanic dust. This means they behave as magnets in the presence of an external magnetic field, because of the spin magnetic moments of the unpaired electrons in the molecule. The chemical symbol for Niobium is Nb. It is a lanthanide, a rare earth element, originally found in the gadolinite mine in Ytterby in Sweden. Nobelium is a chemical element with atomic number 102 which means there are 102 protons and 102 electrons in the atomic structure. CC BY-SA 3.0. http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/paramagnetic, https://www.boundless.com/chemistry/textbooks/boundless-chemistry-textbook/, At standard temperature and pressure (STP), two atoms of the element bind to form dioxygen, a colorless, odorless, tasteless diatomic gas with the formula O. Lead is widely used as a gamma shield. At standard … It is a soft, silvery-white alkali metal. A possible crystal structure of Oxygen is cubic structure. Discoverer: Davy, Sir H. and Thénard, L.-J. It is an extremely reactive element and a strong oxidising agent: among the elements, it has the highest electron affinity and the third-highest electronegativity, behind only oxygen and fluorine. Fermium is a member of the actinide series. Oxygen has a high electronegativity. Though hydrogen bonds are the strongest of the intermolecular forces, the strength of hydrogen bonds is much less than that of ionic bonds. In nuclear reactors, promethium equilibrium exists in power operation. By mass, oxygen is the third-most abundant element in the universe, after hydrogen and helium. The boiling point of a substance is the temperature at which this phase change (boiling or vaporization) occurs. is a rare earth element with a metallic silver luster. The combustion (burning) of charcoal is an example. The electron configuration of the molecule has two unpaired electrons occupying two degenerate molecular orbitals. For example, silicon has nine possible integer oxidation states from −4 to +4, but only -4, 0 and +4 are common oxidation states. Discoverer: Corson, Dale R. and Mackenzie, K. R. The actinide or actinoid series encompasses the 15 metallic chemical elements with atomic numbers from 89 to 103, actinium through lawrencium. The chemical symbol for Tungsten is W. Tungsten is a rare metal found naturally on Earth almost exclusively in chemical compounds. When an electron is added to a neutral atom, energy is released. The chemical symbol for Thallium is Tl. Chemical properties Oxygen's most important chemical property is that it supports combustion. By mass, aluminium makes up about 8% of the Earth’s crust; it is the third most abundant element after oxygen and silicon and the most abundant metal in the crust, though it is less common in the mantle below. The chemical symbol for Scandium is Sc. Argon is the third-most abundant gas in the Earth’s atmosphere, at 0.934% (9340 ppmv). For example, water boils at 100°C (212°F) at sea level, but at 93.4°C (200.1°F) at 1900 metres (6,233 ft) altitude. Lead is soft and malleable, and has a relatively low melting point. Foote's discovery, established by developing an independent chemical route to singlet oxygen, was made in 1964 while he was still an instructor at UCLA. Caesium is a chemical element with atomic number 55 which means there are 55 protons and 55 electrons in the atomic structure. Lutetium is the last element in the lanthanide series, and it is traditionally counted among the rare earths. Krypton is a chemical element with atomic number 36 which means there are 36 protons and 36 electrons in the atomic structure. Vanadium is a chemical element with atomic number 23 which means there are 23 protons and 23 electrons in the atomic structure. Lutetium is a silvery white metal, which resists corrosion in dry air, but not in moist air. The ordering of the electrons in the ground state of multielectron atoms, starts with the lowest energy state (ground state) and moves progressively from there up the energy scale until each of the atom’s electrons has been assigned a unique set of quantum numbers. Oxygen is a member of the chalcogen group on the periodic table and is a highly reactive nonmetallic element. Oxygen is the third most abundant element found in the sun, and it plays a part in the carbon-nitrogen cycle, one process responsible for stellar energy production. The chemical symbol for Vanadium is V. Vanadium is a hard, silvery grey, ductile, and malleable transition metal. Oxygen is a member of the chalcogen group on the periodic table and is a highly reactive nonmetallic element. The chemical symbol for Samarium is Sm. Its monatomic form (H) is the most abundant chemical substance in the Universe, constituting roughly 75% of all baryonic mass. The chemical symbol for Curium is Cm. Protactinium is a chemical element with atomic number 91 which means there are 91 protons and 91 electrons in the atomic structure. Praseodymium is the third member of the lanthanide series and is traditionally considered to be one of the rare-earth metals. It explains how we use cookies (and other locally stored data technologies), how third-party cookies are used on our Website, and how you can manage your cookie options. Liquid oxygen is also slightly paramagnetic. Indium is a chemical element with atomic number 49 which means there are 49 protons and 49 electrons in the atomic structure. It readily forms hard, stable carbides in alloys, and for this reason most of world production of the element (about 80%) is used in steel alloys, including high-strength alloys and superalloys. In some respects zinc is chemically similar to magnesium: both elements exhibit only one normal oxidation state (+2), and the Zn2+ and Mg2+ ions are of similar size. For example, carbon has nine possible integer oxidation states from −4 to +4. Technetium is the lightest element whose isotopes are all radioactive; none are stable. Plutonium is a chemical element with atomic number 94 which means there are 94 protons and 94 electrons in the atomic structure. It is the electrons that are responsible for the chemical bavavior of atoms, and which identify the various chemical elements. Oxygen is a Group 16 element. In nuclear industry, especially natural and artificial samarium 149 has an important impact on the operation of a nuclear reactor. Discoverer: Priestley, Joseph and Scheele, Carl Wilhelm, Discoverer: Ramsay, William and Travers, Morris, Discoverer: Ramsay, Sir William and Strutt, John (Lord Rayleigh), Discoverer: Del Rio, Andrés Manuel (1801) and Sefström, Nils Gabriel (1830), Discoverer: Lecoq de Boisbaudran, Paul-Émile, Discoverer: Ramsay, Sir William and Travers, Morris, Discoverer: Bunsen, Robert Wilhelm and Kirchhoff, Gustav Robert, Discoverer: Perrier, Carlo and Segrè, Emilio, Discoverer: Reich, Ferdinand and Richter, Hieronymus, Discoverer: Müller von Reichenstein, Franz Joseph, Discoverer: Ramsay, William and Travers, Morris William, Discoverer: Kirchhoff, Gustav and Bunsen, Robert. Germanium is a lustrous, hard, grayish-white metalloid in the carbon group, chemically similar to its group neighbors tin and silicon. The chemical symbol for Gold is Au. Oxygen (O2) is an active, life-sustaining component of the atmosphere; making up 20.94% by volume or 23% by weight of the air we breathe. Oxygen Oxygen is a chemical element with symbol O and atomic number 8. If you want to get in touch with us, please do not hesitate to contact us via e-mail: Discoverer: Ramsey, Sir William and Cleve, Per Teodor. The greater the negative value, the more stable the anion is. Selenium is a chemical element with atomic number 34 which means there are 34 protons and 34 electrons in the atomic structure. These condensers use tubes that are usually made of stainless steel, copper alloys, or titanium depending on several selection criteria (such as thermal conductivity or corrosion resistance). Rising temperatures make the liquid expand in a liquid-in-tube thermometer and bend bimetallic strips. A stream of oxygen can push the temperature of a blast furnace over 2000 degrees and it allows an oxyacetylene torch to cut straight through metal. The chemical symbol for Germanium is Ge. The Standard English unit is pounds mass per cubic foot (lbm/ft3). Every solid, liquid, gas, and plasma is composed of neutral or ionized atoms. There are 14 general types of such patterns known as Bravais lattices. Mercury is a heavy, silvery d-block element, mercury is the only metallic element that is liquid at standard conditions for temperature and pressure. Elemental rubidium is highly reactive, with properties similar to those of other alkali metals, including rapid oxidation in air. Helium is a chemical element with atomic number 2 which means there are 2 protons and 2 electrons in the atomic structure. The solubility of oxygen in water is temperature-dependent; it condenses at 90.20 K and freezes at 54.36 K. paramagneticExhibiting paramagnetism (the tendency of magnetic dipoles to align with an external magnetic field). Aluminium is a silvery-white, soft, nonmagnetic, ductile metal in the boron group. For example, sodium chloride  (NaCl) is an ionic compound that consists of a multitude of strong ionic bonds. Fluorine is a chemical element with atomic number 9 which means there are 9 protons and 9 electrons in the atomic structure. The chemical symbol for Fluorine is F. Fluorine is the lightest halogen and exists as a highly toxic pale yellow diatomic gas at standard conditions. Tantalum is a rare, hard, blue-gray, lustrous transition metal that is highly corrosion-resistant. The chemical symbol for Gallium is Ga. Gallium has similarities to the other metals of the group, aluminium, indium, and thallium. The chemical symbol for Bromine is Br. Mixtures with carbon monoxide, with hydrogen, or with methane explode on sparking [Streng, A. G., Chem. Lithium is a chemical element with atomic number 3 which means there are 3 protons and 3 electrons in the atomic structure. Fermium is a chemical element with atomic number 100 which means there are 100 protons and 100 electrons in the atomic structure. Although neodymium is classed as a rare earth, it is a fairly common element. Moreover, nonmetals have more positive affinity than metals. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. Note that, ionization energies measure the tendency of a neutral atom to resist the loss of electrons. Its boiling point is the lowest among all the elements. Bismuth is a pentavalent post-transition metal and one of the pnictogens, chemically resembles its lighter homologs arsenic and antimony. Oxygen is a colourless, odourless reactive gas, the chemical element of atomic number 8 and the life-supporting component of the air. Neptunium is the first transuranic element. In nuclear industry boron is commonly used as a neutron absorber due to the high neutron cross-section of isotope 10B. The first two columns on the left side of the periodic table are where the s subshells are being occupied. Bismuth is a brittle metal with a silvery white color when freshly produced, but surface oxidation can give it a pink tinge. In other words, it can be expressed as the neutral atom’s likelihood of gaining an electron. Astatine is the rarest naturally occurring element on the Earth’s crust. It is obtained chiefly from the mineral cassiterite, which contains tin dioxide. Francium is an alkali metal, that has one valence electron. Specific Volume ( ft3/lb, m3/kg) 12.24, 0.764. The chemical symbol for Osmium is Os. Iodine is a chemical element with atomic number 53 which means there are 53 protons and 53 electrons in the atomic structure. Bromine is the third-lightest halogen, and is a fuming red-brown liquid at room temperature that evaporates readily to form a similarly coloured gas. The ninth member of the lanthanide series, terbium is a fairly electropositive metal that reacts with water, evolving hydrogen gas. Chemical, physical and thermal properties of Oxygen - O2 : (Values at 25 o C (77 o F, 298 K) and atmospheric pressure) Molecular Weight. 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